Pliers
Next to the screwdriver, pliers are probably the most commonly used
hand tool. Different types of pliers are used for gripping and cutting
functions.
Combination pliers (A) are generally used to hold parts as you
work on them, or to twist and bend materials. A combination pliers
uses a slip joint to open its jaws wide, allowing it to grip largediameter
items.
Vise grips or locking pliers (B) are similar to combination pliers
in that they’re used to grip items. However, vise grips can be locked in
place to hold parts tightly while keeping both your hands free. For example,
you can use vise grips to hold two metal parts in position while
you install screws, washers, or bolts in them.
Longnose and needlenose pliers (C) are useful for gripping or
twisting small parts and for reaching small parts in tight places. The
jaws of the needlenose pliers are smaller and thinner than those of the
longnose pliers. Parts that are too small to be handled properly with
your fingers can easily be moved and positioned with needlenose pliers. Note, however, that you can easily damage these pliers by using
them for heavy work.
Snap ring pliers are used to grip and spread snap rings as they’re being
removed or installed. There are two types of snap ring pliers—external
and internal. An external snap ring is a small metal ring that fits in a
groove that’s machined on the outside of a shaft. An internal snap ring
is a small metal ring that’s used to retain components inside a hollow
shaft.
Next figures illustrates the use of the two types of snap ring pliers.
With either type, the jaws of the pliers fit into holes in the snap ring ends.
When you use an internal snap ring pliers (A), the jaws come
together when you squeeze the handles. This squeezes the ends of the
snap ring together, making it smaller so that it can be drawn out of the
hollow shaft. When you use an external snap ring pliers (B), the
jaws spread apart when you squeeze the handles. This spreads apart
the ends of the snap ring, making it larger so that it can be removed
from the outside of the shaft.
